x8 E# N3 M( Q$ x0 S, R0 E8 Y5.39.217.77:8898《基本法》第8條令香港原有的普通法得以在回歸後保留，而三權分立作為一個普通法原則，在不同《基本法》相抵觸或經立法會作出修改的前題下，必定存在於香港特別行政區的法律制度和政治體制。但在中央眼中，普通法中的三權分立原則肯定是張曉明所說「原有政治體制中的糟粕元素」，必須摒棄，以達至有效率的管治；又如Peter Wesley-Smith教授所言，權力分立在中國憲法中沒有地位，北京政府只將之視為「資產階級的空想」(bourgeois conceit)。如上所言，中央否定三權分立的原則，在《基本法》和「起草時形成的主流意見和基本共識」之下，頓然變得合情、合理、合法。因此，我不認同高舉《基本法》或法治的旗幟就可以反駁三權分立原則在特區政制中不存在的論述。這不是一場辯論比賽，而是威權在生產真理。 0 L/ V+ d3 Z$ g& a2 `2 M5.39.217.77:8898 ' V1 x/ \3 e, K* M; t4 g: k" g Otvb now,tvbnow,bttvb注： , O Y T; i% E) Y8 {; |tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb Peter Wesley-Smith, ‘Judges and Judicial Power under the Hong Kong Basic Law’ in Guenther Doeker-Mach and Klaus A. Ziegert (dds.) (2004) Law, Legal Culture and Politics in the Twenty First Century (Franx Steiner Verlag: Stuttgart), 465.作者: felicity2010 時間: 2015-9-14 07:50 PM
法政匯思: 請張曉明熟讀基本法 ! F# A# T. X9 ?4 l8 c' X& Q" E4 R公仔箱論壇TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。0 X* w4 w/ O5 d/ H/ ^; i1 F! ?' ^ ) K# }6 q! l' `' b! ttvb now,tvbnow,bttvb5.39.217.77:8898) e' \& O$ Q, g 【法政匯思短評：關於張曉明的「特首超越三權」論】公仔箱論壇6 c8 P) i- N4 k+ b0 k; @0 x* F5 ^, ]
7 [! D, r# ~0 W& _, Utvb now,tvbnow,bttvbTHE PROGRESSIVE LAWYERS GROUP'S SHORT COMMENTARY REGARDING ZHANG XIAOMING'S CLAIM THAT "THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE TRANSCENDS THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT"5.39.217.77:8898# a# L _* o- ]' u1 b
' @+ A8 B# M; t; b三權分立，即行政、司法和立法三個機關獨立運作而又互相制衡，目前在不少民主地區的全國政府、州政府甚至地方政府均正實行。張曉明指其只適用於主權國家層面就充分表現他的無知。 l5 A: V O. d# k' V8 Z+ c+ W至於在香港，從基本法整體的條文來看，三權分立的安排至為明顯，這一點亦已得到終審法院確認（參見梁國雄 對 香港特別行政區立法會主席 (2014)，第27段）。基本法清楚分辨香港的行政、司法和立法機關，並於多處列出其三者互相制衡的條文。例如：5.39.217.77:88987 k( D- o6 K, t3 f/ Z1 u, u# [
! O7 V# c) ~$ e2 T4 }* H4 [ zTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。The Director of the Central Government's Liaison Office, Zhang Xiaoming, said on 12 September that the. Chief Executive's ("CE") position transcends that of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, and that separation of powers between these three branches of government can only be applied at the level of a sovereign. The Progressive Lawyers Group considers such views to be devoid of legal basis.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。: ?5 a+ X; R0 E/ y
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(1) The CE's position stems from the Basic Law, with no "special legal status" / S: i" A/ g& c" b' E! C+ ^ v公仔箱論壇5.39.217.77:8898. `. }- ~" w! C" G9 E1 }
The Basic Law has constitutional status in Hong Kong SAR, and is the source which sets out the CE's powers. The SAR's affairs, including the CE's roles and limits on his powers, are provided for under the Basic Law, and cannot be altered simply by some apparatchik claiming that the CE is the means by which the Central Government rules Hong Kong: 0 B# S0 O; z- a. U( M% T5.39.217.77:8898 7 u- h# k$ s! i! j7 x: s) W公仔箱論壇- Article 2 of the Basic Law clearly states that Hong Kong enjoys executive, legislative, and independent judicial (including the power of final adjudication) powers. + d, Q8 u, U% m8 N. m- xTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。- Article 11 of the Basic Law requires that Hong Kong's systems in respect of executive, legislature and judiciary shall be based on the Basic Law itself.公仔箱論壇 b! d, A* i- N3 v, V3 T4 x
- Article 59 of the Basic Law stipulates that the SAR Government is the executive branch of government in Hong Kong, and that the CE is the head of the SAR Government. Thus, the CE is clearly and merely part of the executive branch, and does not in any way enjoy a status which transcends the executive branch. 7 c }7 K/ p. ?" C1 O' f6 K5.39.217.77:8898- Article 64 of the Basic Law also states that the SAR Government must abide by the law. Thus, as the head of the SAR Government, the CR must abide by and cannot transcend the law, including the Basic Law.公仔箱論壇! o- A% w Q0 I' H; j3 v! B. |( R5 _
# U6 h( J) e- I# z+ N7 B) F5.39.217.77:8898As can be seen, under the Basic Law, there does not exist any so-called special legal position when it comes to the CE's role in Hong Kong's political system. Thus, Zhang Xiaoming's statements are devoid of legal basis., R* C/ k) a1 N) a
/ j5 i! H* N8 h- j6 I7 ?公仔箱論壇(2) Separation of powers between the three branches of government is not only applicable at the sovereign level, the CE is subject to legislative and judicial checks ; `6 J- ?; ?; i/ {, G : w H/ Q' E$ |& O* J& B/ ]. stvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe separation of powers between the executive, legislative and judicial branches, where they operate independently but also subject to checks on each other's powers, is something that is currently applicable to the national, state and even local governments of many democratic jurisdictions. Zhang Xiaoming's assertion that this concept is applicable only at the level of the sovereign clearly shows his ignorance in this regard.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。# |+ b8 _. Q4 l6 T. T
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As to Hong Kong, looking at the provisions of the Basic Law as a whole, the existence of such separation of powers is relatively clear, and was affirmed by the Court of Final Appeal (see Leung Kwok Hung v The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (2014), paragraph 27). The Basic Law clearly delineates Hong Kong's executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, and in a various parts set out provisions which create checks on each other's powers. For example:5.39.217.77:8898 S5 @" M! B7 b1 } J+ Y
$ [. ~1 W( R4 z; M/ {) KTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。- Article 64 of the Basic Law states that the SAR Government must abide by the law and be accountable to the Legislative Council.7 [* d& m0 L, b# T: W% W5 M
- Articles 49, 50, 51 and 76 states that the CE's checks on the Legislative Council, such as the special circumstances when he can dissolve the Legislative Council.; [5 I1 E7 A& B* L1 G2 f
- As regards the judiciary, Article 80 of the Basic Law states that the various courts of Hong Kong constitute Hong Kong's judiciary, which exercises the Hong Kong SAR's judicial power, and the independence of the judiciary is protected by Article 85: "The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise judicial power independently, free from any interference." ( @" k& c' Z- _$ g! [ v' M0 Htvb now,tvbnow,bttvbtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb$ J; K- l/ L' C o$ j, {
(3) Zhang Xiaoming should seek to familiarise himself with the Basic Lawtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb* }* m2 k+ B, F
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。" x7 d' j2 {% ~# f5 K
Zhang Xiaoming graduated with law degrees from Southwest University of Political Science and Law and Renmin University of China, both of which are apparently colleges of renown within Mainland China. However, his remarks on Saturday demonstrated his twisting and ignorance of the law, which is a disservice to his alma mater's reputation. Rather than yet again sowing trouble and discord in Hong Kong, Zhang Xiaoming the apparatchik should seek first to familiarise himself with the Basic Law before saying anything further on these topics. In short, Zhang's comments are so patently absurd that those seeking to defend him should be careful of being seen as sailing too close to the wind, lest they end up also appearing as buffoons themselves. " a$ h( L- Y% T) L: ?6 T: C5.39.217.77:88981 [2 M$ u' j4 N- u: G. i- Z, h
Progressive Lawyers Group d( F& `% M( ~
14 September 2015作者: mcr125 時間: 2015-9-14 08:54 PM
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