7 P8 }! W, W8 i8 n; Etvb now,tvbnow,bttvb第十四条修正案是1866年南北战争之后制定的,其中的第四款涉及国债。其主要含义,是要求叛乱的南方各州在重新加入联邦之后也承担联邦政府在平叛的时候借下的债务,而联邦和州政府则不承担南方欠下的战争债务。如果第十四条修正案被用来解释为行政首脑可以绕过国会去借贷,从而否定了宪法本文以及长期实践所确立的传统,在美国将引起比债务危机更加严重的宪法危机。5.39.217.77:8898/ _8 n. G; L$ z4 V! C! h2 w
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说到底,这次增加债务上限之所以成为危机,主要是由于在布什与奥巴马两任中,政府开支急剧增加,导致选民对国家财政的前途日渐担忧。抑制政府支出的民众情绪推动2010年的国会选举中共和党大翻盘,造成了今日共和党的众议院与民主党的白宫和参议院对峙的局面。5.39.217.77:8898+ F& _$ g" |. P# P. u
+ \# H9 t+ D1 V0 c' L' p从历史上看,有许多次重要的大革命——1640年的英国革命,1776年的美国革命,以及1789年的法国革命——中,人民抗拒政府无度的税收与开支是大规模社会与政治动荡的导火索。而在美国最近的事件中,人民的抵抗是通过和平与民主的方式来实现的。民主制度有时虽然看上去缺乏效率,但却是避免大动乱的最有效的手段。 0 K4 D6 D/ Q$ \2 ]/ q8 [ : d( E0 r) T b) b. x & V. j. U8 q3 c, _7 C# k* ]
本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-8-8 03:59 AM 編輯 ) c+ }4 X# L6 f+ v 9 i# X8 m1 t0 ]* X, J5.39.217.77:8898I agree with the author that democratic process may at times look cumbersome, it is still the best method if everyone abides by the rules established. Some leaders concentrate on the expediency of executing policies that they presume would be the best options, often fatal flaws would emerge after a period. Generally, I think the democratic systems are built on the premises that men tend to corrupt if unrestrained power were ordained. Checks and balances is the rule of the game. The US credit rating downgrade by S&P attributes more to its grim economic future and something beyond the control of US Congress such as US military expenditure (whose budget is shrouded in mystery) The Republican politicians quickly tried to reap benefit from the incident but S&P immediately points out the Republicans' refusal to raise tax especially on the rich is one of the culprits.